Hindi Varnamala

Introduction to Hindi Letters

Hindi is one of the most widely spoken languages in India and learning its script, Devanagari, is the foundation of reading and writing. The Hindi alphabet is divided into two main groups:

– स्वर (Swar) – Vowels
– व्यंजन (Vyanjan) – Consonants

Together, they form the basis of Hindi words and pronunciation. For children in LKG, UKG, and early primary grades, understanding Swar, Vyanjan, and मात्राएँ (matras) is the first step toward Hindi literacy.

What Are Hindi Swar and How Many Are There?

There are 13 Hindi Swar (vowels):

अ, आ, इ, ई, उ, ऊ, ऋ, ए, ऐ, ओ, औ, अं, अः

What Are Vyanjan Letters?

There are 33 commonly taught Hindi Vyanjan (consonants) such as:

क, ख, ग, घ, च, छ, ज, झ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, श, ष, स, ह, क्ष, त्र, ज्ञ

Each vowel has a matra (diacritic symbol) that changes the sound of a consonant when combined. For example:

स्वर (Swar)

नाम (Name)

मात्रा (Matra)

उदाहरण (Example with Vyanjan क)

a

— (No matra)

क  (ka)

aa

का (kaa)

i

ि

कि (ki)

ee

की (kee)

u

कु (ku)

oo

कू (koo)

e

के (ke)

ai

कै (kai)

o

को (ko)

au

कौ (kau)

अं

an

कं (kan)

अः

aha

कः (kaha)

ri

कृ (kri)

When Should You Teach Hindi Swar and Vyanjan?

The right age to introduce Hindi letters is around 3.5 to 5 years, depending on the child’s learning pace.

Recommended Teaching Sequence:
1. Start with Swar (Vowels) – Teach the 13 Swar letters with visuals and sounds.
2. Introduce Vyanjan – Teach consonants one by one with matching images.
3. Teach Matras after both – Begin with simple matras like ा, ि, ी and then move to more complex ones like ै, ौ.

How to Teach Hindi Letters and Matras to Beginners

Here are some effective ways to teach:

1. Visual Aids & Flashcards – Use colorful pictures of अ से अनार, क से कबूतर to make learning fun.
2. Tracing Worksheets – Use printable worksheets that allow them to trace letters, matras, and form words.
3. Phonics and Sound Practice – Repeat sounds aloud so they associate क + ा = का clearly.
4. Matching and Coloring Activities – Help them connect pictures with letters using interactive worksheet exercises.

Free Printable Worksheets for All Hindi Matras

To support parents and teachers, we provide free Hindi worksheets that cover:

– All 13 Swar Akshar practice
– Vyanjan letter tracing
– Matra worksheets (ा, ि, ी, ु, ू, े, ै, ो, ौ, etc.)
– Word-building worksheets using matras
– Matching, coloring, and writing tasks

Benefits of Early Hindi Letter Learning

✅ Builds strong reading foundation
✅ Improves vocabulary and speech clarity
✅ Encourages love for regional language
✅ Boosts confidence in school activities

Final Thoughts

Understanding Hindi letters through Swar, Vyanjan, and Matras is essential for young learners. Start simple, be consistent, and use visual and printable tools to keep learning exciting. Don’t forget to grab our free worksheets to make your teaching journey smooth and effective!


TRY OUR OTHERFREE WORKSHEETS

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